Prospects for the development of CO₂ capture, transport and storage infrastructure in Ukraine: european experience and national preconditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2026-1(45)-159-183Keywords:
decarbonization; cement industry; biogas plants; CO₂ liquefaction; CO₂ hubs; depleted gas fields.Abstract
The study examines current trends in the development of carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture, transport, and geological storage (CCS) infrastructure in the European Union and provides an analysis of the prospects for its implementation in Ukraine. The analysis of European projects confirms that the establishment of a fully functional CCS chain is ensured by the coordinated integration of capture, transport, and geological storage processes, with the development of geological storage capacities playing a key role as the foundation for the entire infrastructure. It is shown that in the context of post-war recovery and the transition to a low-carbon economy, particular importance will be associated with the cement and biogas sectors, where CO₂ emissions are predominantly process-related and cannot be eliminated solely through a transition to renewable energy sources. This makes them priority targets for the deployment of carbon capture technologies and the subsequent transport and storage of CO₂. The study substantiates the feasibility of focusing on CO₂ liquefaction technologies, which significantly reduce its volume and enable the efficient use of rail and road transport. Special attention is given to the need for implementing the concept of regional CO₂ hubs to aggregate carbon dioxide flows and direct them to geological storage sites. The geological potential of Ukraine for CO₂ storage is analyzed, particularly the use of depleted oil and gas fields as long-term storage sites. A conceptual approach to the development of CCS infrastructure is proposed, including the implementation of pilot projects in regions with lower war-related risks, comprehensive geological studies, the establishment of regional CO₂ hubs, and the development of rail and road logistics for transporting liquefied CO₂. The importance of state coordination, regulatory framework development, international cooperation, and Ukraine’s integration into European CO₂ transport and storage networks is emphasized. The obtained results can be used to support decision-making on the development of CCS systems in Ukraine and their integration into the European decarbonization framework.
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