TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE CENTERING
Keywords:
Keywords: well; casing string; cementing; centralizer; degree of centering; concentricity; annular.Abstract
Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of factors that determine the effective centering of casing strings in wells which include: the type of well, the geometric parameters of well, the casing string running depth and the length of casing centering interval; the intensity of the well deviation. The parameters of casing string should also be taken into account: the diameter of casing, the wall thickness; length of the casing string and grade of casing, and parameters of fluids in the well: density of drilling and cementing fluids, friction coefficient, consestivity of solids (abrasive) particles in the drilling fluid, thixotropic properties of fluid. The casing running process is significantly affected by the casing running speed, and the degree of replacement of drilling fluid with cement fluid is affected by the rotation and axial movement of casing string. It is necessary to take into account the data of the caliper log and inclination log, the graduation of hole temperature, the intervals of formations containing aggressive environments, and the interaction of the «centralizer device-formation» system. Notice that centralizers must meet strict complexity of the requirements. Considered their design features, advantages and disadvantages of various types of centralizers: bow-spring, rigid, semi-rigid, mold-on and their purpose. The number of centralizers and their installiation sections should be justified based on the minimum number of casing sag points in the well or their complete absence. Nowadays is a trend in the manufacture of centralizers towards improving their design and using new, innovative combinations of materials and alloys with a low friction coefficient, which improves their functionality. The written work proposes a method for calculating the resistance force created by the strength bars of centralizer and calculation value for various types of rigid centralizers: RC 114/146-165-1; RC 146/222-251-1; RC 194/245-270-1; RC 351/445-490-1. The several important conclusions were made based on the results of calculations: increasing the size of centralizer leads to increasing the drag force; the resistance force depends on the geometric parameters of rigid bars and their number; increasing the friction coefficient (μ) from 0.2 to 0.3 leads to a significant increase in the resistance force for each centralizer (increase to ~25%).
Keywords: well; casing string; cementing; centralizer; degree of centering; concentricity; annular.
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Kovbasiuk I. M., Martsynkiv O. B., Martsynkiv B. O. Causes of poor quality casing of directional wells at the drilling department «ukrburgaz» and metods for their elimination. Oil and Gas Power Engineering. 2019. No. 1(31). P. 26–35. URL: https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2019-1(31)-26-35.
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API 10TR4. Selection of centralizers for primary cementing operations. Official edition. 2008. 32 p.
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Khodami E., Ramezanzadeh A., Sharifi A. The 3D simulation of the effect of casing standoff on cement integrity by considering the direction of horizontal stresses in one of the wells of Iranian oil fields. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 2021. Vol. 206. P. 108980. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108980.
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Sanchez R. A., Brown C. F., Adams W. Casing Centralization in Horizontal and Extended Reach Wells. SPE/EAGE European Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition, Vienna, Austria. 2012. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/150317-ms.
Improved Out-of-Slip Casing Running Efficiency in A Shale ERD Application Combining Fixed Casing Centralization and Rotation to Reduce Openhole Running Friction / D. Dall'Acqua et al. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, USA, 3–5 October 2022. 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/210279-ms.
Rodrigue M., Kendziora L., Farley D. Myth-Busting Performance Properties of Nonmetallic Rigid Centralizers. SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition, The Hague, The Netherlands. 2019. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/194094-ms.
Urdaneta Nava L. A., Farley D. Testing Demonstrates the Effect of Bow Spring Centralizer Passage on Wellbore Components. International Petroleum Technology Conference, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 2020. URL: https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-20156-abstract.
Numerical analysis on the centralization effect of improved horizontal well casing centralizer / J. Xie et al. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2023. Vol. 11. URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1304813.
Modeling of nonlinear properties of casing centralizers equipped with axial thrust / I. Shatskyi et al. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021. Vol. 1018. P. 012003. URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1018/1/012003.
Skadsem H. J., Saasen A., Håvardstein S. Casing Centralization in Irregular Wellbores. ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, Trondheim, Norway, 25–30 June 2017. 2017. URL: https://doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61106.
Impact of Temperature on Cement Displacement Efficiency: Analysis of Velocity, Centralization, and Density Differences / X. Tang et al. Processes. 2024. Vol. 12, no. 12. P. 2923. URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12122923.
References
Kovbasiuk I. M., Martsynkiv O. B., Martsynkiv B. O. Causes of poor quality casing of directional wells at the drilling department «ukrburgaz» and metods for their elimination. Oil and Gas Power Engineering. 2019. No. 1(31). P. 26–35. URL: https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2019-1(31)-26-35.
Fryz I. M. Centratory dlya obsadnyx trub. Kyyiv : «Interpres LTD», 2003. 54 s. [in Ukrainian]
Development of an efficient centarator for casingstrings of inclined wells / M. V. Seniushkоvych та ін. Precarpathian bulletin of the shevchenko scientific society. 2024. № 19(73). С. 126–139. URL: https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2024-19(73)-126-139.
API 10TR4. Selection of centralizers for primary cementing operations. Official edition. 2008. 32 p.
Casing string centering in directional wells / Y. S. Kotskulych et al. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2015. No. 3. P. 23–30.
Liu G. Applied Well Cementing Engineering. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2021. 530 p.
Khodami E., Ramezanzadeh A., Sharifi A. The 3D simulation of the effect of casing standoff on cement integrity by considering the direction of horizontal stresses in one of the wells of Iranian oil fields. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 2021. Vol. 206. P. 108980. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108980.
Liu G., Weber L. D. Centralizer Selection and Placement Optimization. SPE Deepwater Drilling and Completions Conference, Galveston, Texas, USA. 2012. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/150345-ms.
Modelling of a detailed bow spring centralizer description in stiff-string torque and drag calculation / N. H. Dao et al. Geoenergy Science and Engineering. 2023. P. 211457. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoen.2023.211457.
Nonlinear rotordynamics of a drillstring in curved wells: Models and numerical techniques / K.-L. Nguyen et al. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 2020. Vol. 166. P. 105225. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105225.
Sanchez R. A., Brown C. F., Adams W. Casing Centralization in Horizontal and Extended Reach Wells. SPE/EAGE European Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition, Vienna, Austria. 2012. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/150317-ms.
Improved Out-of-Slip Casing Running Efficiency in A Shale ERD Application Combining Fixed Casing Centralization and Rotation to Reduce Openhole Running Friction / D. Dall'Acqua et al. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, USA, 3–5 October 2022. 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/210279-ms.
Rodrigue M., Kendziora L., Farley D. Myth-Busting Performance Properties of Nonmetallic Rigid Centralizers. SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition, The Hague, The Netherlands. 2019. URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/194094-ms.
Urdaneta Nava L. A., Farley D. Testing Demonstrates the Effect of Bow Spring Centralizer Passage on Wellbore Components. International Petroleum Technology Conference, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 2020. URL: https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-20156-abstract.
Numerical analysis on the centralization effect of improved horizontal well casing centralizer / J. Xie et al. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2023. Vol. 11. URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1304813.
Modeling of nonlinear properties of casing centralizers equipped with axial thrust / I. Shatskyi et al. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021. Vol. 1018. P. 012003. URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1018/1/012003.
Skadsem H. J., Saasen A., Håvardstein S. Casing Centralization in Irregular Wellbores. ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, Trondheim, Norway, 25–30 June 2017. 2017. URL: https://doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61106.
Impact of Temperature on Cement Displacement Efficiency: Analysis of Velocity, Centralization, and Density Differences / X. Tang et al. Processes. 2024. Vol. 12, no. 12. P. 2923. URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12122923.
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