Study of the impact of formation opening and depression in wells on the development of gas reservoirs with bottom water
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2025-2(44)-102-113Keywords:
bottom water; relative layering; water cone; formation depression; gas flow rate; gas recovery factor.Abstract
The key features of gas reservoir development with bottom water are presented. The regularities of the formation process of cones of bottom water under production wells during reservoir development and watering are characterized. The results of modern national and international studies on the impact of the reservoir and well design's relative opening and anisotropy are analyzed. Using the Petrel&Eclipse program, the complex effect of the relative opening of the gas-bearing formation and the depression on the formation in the well (i.e. the gas withdrawal rate) on the cone formation process and the reservoir gas recovery factor during the waterless period of well operation was studied for a hypothetical square-shaped gas reservoir with a central production well. During the initial reservoir development period, the well was operated with a constant reservoir depression. After reducing the wellhead pressure to the established value (1.0 MPa), the well was switched to a constant wellhead pressure technological mode. Reservoir development ceased when the reservoir pressure decreased to 10% of the initial pressure or the water cone reached the lower holes of the perforation interval. Variants with reservoir pressures of 1.25 MPa (5% of the initial pressure) and 2.5 MPa (10% of the initial pressure), as well as different values of relative formation opening (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9), were studied. The research results are presented in two tables and in graphical form, showing the relationship between the final reservoir pressure and the gas recovery factor at the time when reservoir development ceases, and the relative formation opening. At a reservoir depression of 1.25 MPa, intervals with a relative formation opening of between 0.1 and 0.6 are not flooded by the end of the development period. With a relative pay of 0.6, the final gas recovery factor is 88.53%, and the duration of reservoir development is 17 years and 3 months. At a reservoir depression of 2.5 MPa, intervals with a relative pay of between 0.1 and 0.4 are not watered at the end of development. With a relative formation opening of 0.4, the final gas recovery factor is 90.46%, and the duration of reservoir development is 14 years and 2 months. Within the range of changes in reservoir depression from 1.25 to 2.5 MPa, the optimal value of relative pay is approximately 0.4 to 0.6. The critical value of the relative formation opening at which water breaks through to the wellbore is 0.64 at a formation pressure of 1.25 MPa, and 0.45 at a formation pressure of |2.5 MPa.
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