Influence of natural factors on the intensity of stress corrosion of pipe steels during the operation of gas pipes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2025-2(44)-204-213Keywords:
main gas pipeline; stress corrosion; service life; electrochemical protection potential; embrittlement of steel; coercive force.Abstract
The paper examines the processes of influence of natural and technogenic factors on the intensity of emergency failures in the linear sections of main gas pipelines caused by corrosion cracking of pipe steel under mechanical stress. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of stress corrosion processes that occur during long-term operation of underground steel pipelines under variable climatic and soil conditions. The research is based on statistical information regarding the technical condition of the main gas pipelines “Bratstvo,” “Soyuz,” “Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod,” and “Progress.” The analysis of the obtained data made it possible to establish the dynamics of changes in pipeline reliability depending on service life, design features, installation conditions, and the effectiveness of cathodic protection systems. Among the main factors determining the nature and rate of development of stress-corrosion damage, the following are considered: the operational lifetime of the gas pipeline, the magnitude of the electric potential of the cathodic protection system, seasonal fluctuations of soil temperature and moisture, as well as the type and physicochemical composition of the soil environment. It has been established that the combination of increased mechanical stress with an aggressive environment promotes the formation and propagation of microcracks, which over time lead to the development of deep corrosion defects and the destruction of pipe steel. Based on the conducted analysis, the regularities of the influence of these factors on the intensity of emergency failures caused by stress corrosion cracking have been determined. The obtained results have significant practical importance for predicting the durability of main gas pipelines, improving technical diagnostics methods, planning repair activities, and increasing the efficiency of electrochemical protection systems. The proposed approach makes it possible to develop a set of preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of accidents, optimizing operating conditions, and enhancing the level of environmental and industrial safety during the transportation of natural gas
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